Publications

1681 publications found

• Book Series November 05, 2015

  Financial Regulation in the European Union

  Abstract

  Have past and more recent regulatory changes contributed to increased financial stability in the European Union (EU), or have they improved the efficiency of individual banks and national financial systems within the EU? Edited by Rainer Kattel, Tallinn University of Technology, Director of Research Jan Kregel, and Mario Tonveronachi, University of Siena, this volume offers […]

• Book Series November 05, 2015

  Why Minsky Matters: An Introduction to the Work of a Maverick Economist

  L. Randall Wray
  Abstract

  Perhaps no economist was more vindicated by the global financial crisis than Hyman P. Minsky (1919–1996). Although a handful of economists raised alarms as early as 2000, Minsky’s warnings began a half century earlier, with writings that set out a compelling theory of financial instability. Yet even today he remains largely outside mainstream economics; few […]

• Policy Notes No. 7 November 04, 2015

  Losing Ground

  Fernando Rios-Avila
  Abstract

  US labor force participation has continued to fall in the wake of the Great Recession. Improvements in the US unemployment rate reflect the fact that more people are falling out of the labor force, not a stronger labor market. Controlling for changes in the demographic makeup of the workforce (i.e., gender, age, education, and race), […]

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• Working Paper No. 852 October 30, 2015

  The Malady of Low Global Interest Rates

  Tanweer Akram
  Abstract

  Long-term interest rates in advanced economies have been low since the global financial crisis. However, in the United States the Federal Reserve could begin to hike its policy rate, the federal funds target rate, before the end of the year. In the United Kingdom, the Bank of England could follow suit. What is the outlook […]

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• Working Paper No. 851 October 28, 2015

  Money Creation under Full-reserve Banking

  Patrizio Lainà
  Abstract

  This paper presents a stock-flow consistent model+ of full-reserve banking. It is found that in a steady state, full-reserve banking can accommodate a zero-growth economy and provide both full employment and zero inflation. Furthermore, a money creation experiment is conducted with the model. An increase in central bank reserves translates into a two-thirds increase in […]

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• Working Paper No. 850 October 28, 2015

  The Macroeconomics of a Financial Dutch Disease

  Alberto Botta
  Abstract

  We describe the medium-run macroeconomic effects and long-run development consequences of a financial Dutch disease that may take place in a small developing country with abundant natural resources. The first move is in financial markets. An initial surge in foreign direct investment targeting natural resources sets in motion a perverse cycle between exchange rate appreciation […]

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• Working Paper No. 849 October 23, 2015

  Bank Leverage Ratios and Financial Stability

  Emilios Avgouleas
  Abstract

  Bank leverage ratios have made an impressive and largely unopposed return; they are mostly used alongside risk-weighted capital requirements. The reasons for this return are manifold, and they are not limited to the fact that bank equity levels in the wake of the global financial crisis (GFC) were exceptionally thin, necessitating a string of costly […]

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• Working Paper No. 848 October 23, 2015

  Is Monetary Financing Inflationary?

  Josh Ryan-Collins
  Abstract

  Historically high levels of private and public debt coupled with already very low short-term interest rates appear to limit the options for stimulative monetary policy in many advanced economies today. One option that has not yet been considered is monetary financing by central banks to boost demand and/or relieve debt burdens. We find little empirical […]

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• One-Pager No. 50 October 22, 2015

  A Public Investment Priority for Job Creation in Turkey

  Kijong Kim, İpek Ilkkaracan, and Tolga Kaya
  Abstract

  This one-pager presents the key findings and policy recommendations of the research project report The Impact of Public Investment in Social Care Services on Employment, Gender Equality, and Poverty: The Turkish Case, which examines the demand-side rationale for a public investment in the social care sector in Turkey—specifically, early childhood care and preschool education (ECCPE)—by […]

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• Working Paper No. 847 October 16, 2015

  Integration, Spurious Convergence, and Financial Fragility

  Matías Vernengo, and Esteban Pérez-Caldentey
  Abstract

  The Spanish crisis is generally portrayed as resulting from excessive spending by households, associated with a housing bubble and/or excessive welfare spending beyond the economic possibilities of the country. We put forward a different hypothesis. We argue that the Spanish crisis resulted, in the main, from a widening deficit position in the nonfinancial corporate sector—the […]

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• Working Paper No. 846 October 09, 2015

  Secular Stagnation or Stagnation Policy?

  Eckhard Hein
  Abstract

  The current debate on secular stagnation is suffering from some vagueness and several shortcomings. The same is true for the economic policy implications. Therefore, we provide an alternative view on stagnation tendencies based on Josef Steindl’s contributions. In particular, Steindl (1952) can be viewed as a pioneering work in the area of stagnation in modern […]

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• Working Paper No. 845 September 30, 2015

  The Euro’s Savior?

  Jörg Bibow
  Abstract

  This study assesses the European Central Bank’s (ECB) crisis management performance and potential for crisis resolution. The study investigates the institutional and functional constraints that delineate the ECB’s scope for policy action under crisis conditions, and how the bank has actually used its leeway since 2007—or might do so in the future. The study finds […]

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• Book Series September 29, 2015

  Modern Money Theory: A Primer on Macroeconomics for Sovereign Monetary Systems, Second Edition

  L. Randall Wray
  Abstract

  In a completely revised second edition, Senior Scholar L. Randall Wray presents the key principles of Modern Money Theory, exploring macro accounting, monetary and fiscal policy, currency regimes, and exchange rates in developed and developing nations. Wray examines how misunderstandings about the nature of money caused the recent global financial meltdown, and provides fresh ideas […]

• Research Project Report September 22, 2015

  The Impact of Public Investment in Social Care Services on Employment, Gender Equality, and Poverty

  Kijong Kim, İpek Ilkkaracan, and Tolga Kaya
  Abstract

  Produced in partnership with the International Labour Organization, United Nations Development Programme, and UN Women, this report examines the demand-side rationale for a public investment in the social care sector—specifically, early childhood care and preschool education (ECCPE)—by comparing its potential for job creation, pro-women allocation of jobs, and poverty reduction with an equivalent investment in […]

  Download Research Project Report, August 2015 PDF (1.11 MB)
• Policy Notes No. 5 August 05, 2015

  The BRICS Initiatives in the Current Global Conjuncture

  Sunanda Sen
  Abstract

  Developing countries, led by China and other BRICS members (Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa), have been successfully organizing alternative sources of credit flows, aiming for financial stability, growth, and development. With their goals of avoiding International Monetary Fund loan conditionality and the dominance of the US dollar in global finance, these new BRICS-led institutions […]

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• Working Paper No. 844 July 29, 2015

  A Nonbehavioral Theory of Saving

  Michalis Nikiforos
  Abstract

  We present a model where the saving rate of the household sector, especially households at the bottom of the income distribution, becomes the endogenous variable that adjusts in order for full employment to be maintained over time. An increase in income inequality and the current account deficit and a consolidation of the government budget lead […]

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• Working Paper No. 843 July 27, 2015

  Is a Very High Public Debt a Problem?

  Pedro Leao
  Abstract

  This paper has two main objectives. The first is to propose a policy architecture that can prevent a very high public debt from resulting in a high tax burden, a government default, or inflation. The second objective is to show that government deficits do not face a financing problem. After these deficits are initially financed […]

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• Working Paper No. 842 July 24, 2015

  Making the Euro Viable

  Jörg Bibow
  Abstract

  The euro crisis remains unresolved and the euro currency union incomplete and extraordinarily vulnerable. The euro regime’s essential flaw and ultimate source of vulnerability is the decoupling of central bank and treasury institutions in the euro currency union. We propose a “Euro Treasury” scheme to properly fix the regime and resolve the euro crisis. This […]

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• Working Paper No. 841 July 24, 2015

  Marx’s Theory of Money and 21st-century Macrodynamics

  Tai Young-Taft
  Abstract

  Marx’s theory of money is critiqued relative to the advent of fiat and electronic currencies and the development of financial markets. Specific topics of concern include (1) today’s identity of the money commodity, (2) possible heterogeneity of the money commodity, (3) the categories of land and rent as they pertain to the financial economy, (4) […]

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• Working Paper No. 840 July 02, 2015

  The Effects of a Euro Exit on Growth, Employment, and Wages

  Riccardo Realfonzo, and Angelantonio Viscione
  Abstract

  A technical analysis shows that the doomsayers who support the euro at all costs and those who naively theorize that a single currency is the root of all evil are both wrong. A euro exit could be a way of getting back to growth, but at the same time it would entail serious risks, especially […]

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• Working Paper No. 839 June 01, 2015

  Inside Money in a Kaldor-Kalecki-Steindl Fiscal Policy Model

  Tai Young-Taft
  Abstract

  We hope to model financial fragility and money in a way that captures much of what is crucial in Hyman Minsky’s financial fragility hypothesis. This approach to modeling Minsky may be unique in the formal Minskyan literature. Namely, we adopt a model in which a psychological variable we call financial prudence (P) declines over time […]

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• Working Paper No. 838 May 28, 2015

  Οικονομία και μη αμειβόμενη εργασία

  Indira Hirway
  Abstract

  Η μη αμειβόμενη εργασία, η οποία εμπίπτει εντός των γενικών ορίων παραγωγής, αλλά εκτός των λογαριασμών εθνικού εισοδήματος, θεωρείται από τους εμπειρογνώμονες είτε ως «φροντίδα» είτε ως «εργασία». Η μη αμειβόμενη εργασία κατανέμεται σχεδόν πάντα άνισα μεταξύ ανδρών και γυναικών ενώ, αν συμπεριλάβει κανείς τόσο την αμειβόμενη όσο και την μη αμειβόμενη εργασία, οι γυναίκες […]

  Download Επιστημονική Εργασία υπό Εξέλιξη (Working Paper) No. 838 PDF (604.92 KB)
• Working Paper No. 838 May 28, 2015

  Unpaid Work and the Economy

  Indira Hirway
  Abstract

  Unpaid work, which falls outside of the national income accounts but within the general production boundary, is viewed as either “care” or as “work” by experts. This work is almost always unequally distributed between men and women, and if one includes both paid and unpaid work, women carry much more of the burden of work […]

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• Strategic Analysis May 14, 2015

  Η δημοσιονομική λιτότητα, η ανατίμηση του δολαρίου και τα προβλήματα κατανομής θα οδηγήσουν στον εκτροχιασμό της οικονομίας των ΗΠΑ

  Dimitri B. Papadimitriou, Gennaro Zezza, and Michalis Nikiforos
  Abstract

  Στην τελευταία στρατηγική ανάλυση, η ομάδα του μακροοικονομετρικού υποδείγματος του Ινστιτούτου εξετάζει την πρόσφατη, αναιμική ανάκαμψη της αμερικανικής οικονομίας. Οι συγγραφείς εντοπίζουν τρία διαρθρωτικά εμπόδια—την αδύναμη απόδοση των καθαρών εξαγωγών, την επικράτηση του δημοσιονομικού συντηρητισμού και τα υψηλά επίπεδα εισοδηματικής ανισότητας, τα οποία, σε συνδυασμό με τη συνεχιζόμενη απομόχλευση του τομέα των νοικοκυριών, εξηγούν τον […]

  Download Στρατηγικη Αναλυση, Μάιος 2015 PDF (1.01 MB)